The handbook explicitly prohibits copper and copper alloys (brass, bronze) in ammonia systems. Why? Ammonia chemically attacks copper to form copper-ammine complexes, leading to rapid pitting and cracking. All piping must be (seamless or welded) per ASTM A106 or A53.
For facilities subject to OSHA’s Process Safety Management (PSM) and EPA’s Risk Management Program (RMP), the IIAR Ammonia Refrigeration Piping Handbook is widely recognized as RAGAGEP (Recognized and Generally Accepted Good Engineering Practice).
Digital PDF documents allow users to instantly find specific terms, such as "suction line sizing" or "dual-relief valve piping," saving hours of manual page-flipping.
The is the definitive industrial standard for designing, installing, and maintaining safe closed-circuit ammonia refrigeration piping systems. Published by the International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration (IIAR), this comprehensive guide bridges the gap between engineering theory and practical field application. For engineers, contractors, and facility operators, securing a verified PDF or hard copy of this handbook is a critical step in ensuring regulatory compliance and operational safety. Iiar Ammonia Refrigeration Piping Handbook Pdf
If you are comparing this to other standards, you might notice it is much more prescriptive than the regarding physical piping layout. While ASHRAE gives you the thermodynamics, the IIAR Handbook tells you how to cut, thread, weld, and support the pipe in the field.
Since I cannot provide the PDF, here are legitimate sources:
This is the most referenced section. It involves two critical variables: The handbook explicitly prohibits copper and copper alloys
Ammonia is highly corrosive to certain metals, particularly copper and brass. The handbook specifies approved materials that can withstand the chemical properties of ammonia and the extreme temperature swings of industrial refrigeration.
IIAR Ammonia Refrigeration Piping Handbook is an essential technical resource published by the International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration (IIAR)
Insulation of liquid lines downstream of the liquid subcooler becomes critically important in ammonia systems to avoid heat gain and the potential for developing flash gas in the liquid line upstream of expansion valves. Use good quality insulation systems with adequate insulation value and protection against physical and weather damage. All piping must be (seamless or welded) per ASTM A106 or A53
Since you found the paper interesting, here is a breakdown of why it is so highly regarded and what key "gems" you will find inside.
https://www.iiar.org – Search for "Bulletin No. 114" or "Ammonia Refrigeration Piping Handbook." Cost ~$150–250 (members less).
Proper sizing is a balance between cost and performance. The manual provides charts for:
: Lines carrying both liquid and vapor (such as wet suction lines in liquid recirculation systems) require careful slope management to ensure smooth fluid movement back to the vessels without creating oil pockets. Material Selection and Welding Standards
The handbook also includes extensive guidance on ammonia detection and alarm systems, packaged systems and equipment, overpressure protection devices, and instrumentation and controls.